Third Conditional adalah jenis kondisional dalam bahasa Inggris yang digunakan untuk menyatakan situasi hipotetis di masa lalu yang tidak terjadi. Tipe ini menghubungkan situasi yang tidak terjadi di masa lalu dengan hasil atau konsekuensi yang juga tidak terjadi. Dalam Third Conditional, klausa kondisional (if-clause) menggunakan past perfect, sementara klausa hasil (result clause) menggunakan “would have” diikuti oleh past participle. Ini menunjukkan situasi yang tidak terjadi di masa lalu dan apa yang akan terjadi jika situasi itu terjadi.
Contoh:
- If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.
(Jika dia belajar lebih giat, dia akan lulus ujian.)
Dalam contoh di atas, klausa kondisional “If she had studied harder” menggunakan past perfect (“had studied”) untuk menyatakan situasi hipotetis di masa lalu yang tidak terjadi. Klausa hasil “she would have passed the exam” menggunakan “would have” diikuti oleh past participle (“would have passed”) untuk menunjukkan hasil atau konsekuensi yang juga tidak terjadi jika situasi itu terjadi. Third Conditional digunakan untuk menyatakan penyesalan, kesalahan, atau keinginan yang tidak terpenuhi di masa lalu.
Rumus Third Conditional
Rumus Third Conditional adalah sebagai berikut:
Klausa Kondisional (If-Clause): Past Perfect
+
Klausa Hasil (Result Clause): Would Have + Past Participle
Contoh:
- If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.
Dalam rumus ini, klausa kondisional menggunakan past perfect (“if + subject + had + past participle”) karena menyatakan situasi hipotetis di masa lalu yang tidak terjadi. Klausa hasil menggunakan “would have” diikuti oleh past participle (“would have + past participle”) untuk menyatakan konsekuensi atau hasil yang juga tidak terjadi jika situasi itu terjadi.
Contoh Kalimat Third Conditional
- If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.
(Jika dia belajar lebih giat, dia akan lulus ujian.) - If I had known about the traffic jam, I would have taken a different route.
(Jika saya tahu tentang kemacetan lalu lintas, saya akan memilih rute yang berbeda.) - If they had arrived on time, they would have caught the train.
(Jika mereka datang tepat waktu, mereka akan menangkap kereta.) - If he had listened to his parents, he wouldn’t be in trouble now.
(Jika dia mendengarkan orangtuanya, dia tidak akan dalam masalah sekarang.) - If I had won the lottery, I would have bought a yacht.
(Jika saya memenangkan lotere, saya akan membeli kapal yacht.)
Dalam setiap kalimat tersebut, klausa kondisional menggunakan past perfect (“if + subject + had + past participle”) untuk menyatakan situasi hipotetis di masa lalu yang tidak terjadi. Klausa hasil menggunakan “would have” diikuti oleh past participle (“would have + past participle”) untuk menyatakan konsekuensi atau hasil yang juga tidak terjadi jika situasi itu terjadi.
Latihan Soal Third Conditional
- Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verbs:
If she (study) harder, she (pass) the exam.
a) had studied / will pass
b) studied / would pass
c) studies / passes
d) has studied / passed - Choose the correct option to complete the sentence:
If they (know) about the party, they (come).
a) know / come
b) knew / would come
c) knows / comes
d) known / will come - Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs:
If we (not miss) the train, we (not be) late.
a) didn’t miss / wouldn’t be
b) don’t miss / won’t be
c) hadn’t missed / wouldn’t have been
d) don’t miss / aren’t - Choose the correct form of the verbs to complete the sentence:
If she (listen) to the advice, she (avoid) the mistake.
a) listened / would avoid
b) listens / avoids
c) listened / avoids
d) listens / would have avoided - Which option correctly completes the sentence?
If he (take) the job offer, he (earn) more money now.
a) took / will earn
b) takes / earns
c) takes / would earn
d) took / would have earned - Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verbs:
If they (arrive) on time, they (catch) the flight.
a) arrived / would catch
b) arrive / catch
c) had arrived / would have caught
d) arrives / catches - Choose the correct option to complete the sentence:
If you (not go) to the party, you (not meet) her.
a) didn’t go / wouldn’t meet
b) don’t go / won’t meet
c) hadn’t gone / wouldn’t have met
d) don’t go / don’t meet - Identify the correct Third Conditional sentence:
a) If she doesn’t study, she won’t pass the exam.
b) If he had arrived earlier, he would have caught the train.
c) If they know the answer, they will raise their hands.
d) If we leave now, we will reach on time. - Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs:
If I (not forget) my keys, I (not be) locked out.
a) hadn’t forgotten / wouldn’t have been
b) don’t forget / won’t be
c) didn’t forget / wouldn’t be
d) haven’t forgotten / won’t be - Choose the correct option to complete the sentence:
If he (not lose) his passport, he (be) able to travel.
a) doesn’t lose / will be
b) didn’t lose / was
c) hasn’t lost / would be
d) hadn’t lost / would have been